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Difference between revisions of "cpp/error/out of range"

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{{ddcl | header=stdexcept |
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class out_of_range : public std::logic_error;
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class out_of_range;
 
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Defines a type of object to be thrown as exception. It reports errors that are consequence of attempt to access elements out of defined range.
 
Defines a type of object to be thrown as exception. It reports errors that are consequence of attempt to access elements out of defined range.
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It may be thrown by the member functions of {{lc|std::bitset}} and {{lc|std::basic_string}}, by  {{lc|std::stoi}} and {{lc|std::stod}} families of functions, and by the bounds-checked member access functions (e.g. {{lc|std::vector::at}} and {{lc|std::map::at}}).
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{{inheritance diagram/std-out_of_range}}
  
 
===Member functions===
 
===Member functions===
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{{dcl list begin}}
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{{cpp/error/exception/member of derived with message|out_of_range}}
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{{dcl list template | cpp/error/exception/dcl list constructor|out_of_range}}
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{{inherited|[[cpp/error/logic_error|{{small|std::}}logic_error]]|}}
  
 
{{cpp/error/exception/inherit}}
 
{{cpp/error/exception/inherit}}
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===Notes===
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The standard error condition {{lc|std::errc::result_out_of_range}} typically indicates the condition where the result, rather than the input, is out of range, and is more closely related to {{lc|std::range_error}} and {{lc|ERANGE}}.
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===Defect reports===
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{{dr list begin}}
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{{dr list item|wg=lwg|dr=254|std=C++98|before=the constructor accepting {{c|const char*}} was missing|after=added}}
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{{dr list item|wg=lwg|dr=471|std=C++98|before=the explanatory strings of {{tt|std::out_of_range}}'s<br>copies were implementation-defined|after=they are the same as that of the<br>original {{tt|std::out_of_range}} object}}
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{{dr list end}}
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===See also===
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{{dsc begin}}
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{{dsc inc|cpp/string/basic_string/dsc at}}
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{{dsc inc|cpp/string/basic_string_view/dsc at}}
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{{dsc inc|cpp/container/dsc at|vector}}
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{{dsc inc|cpp/container/dsc at|span}}
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Latest revision as of 20:17, 20 December 2023

 
C++
 
Diagnostics library
 
Defined in header <stdexcept>
class out_of_range;

Defines a type of object to be thrown as exception. It reports errors that are consequence of attempt to access elements out of defined range.

It may be thrown by the member functions of std::bitset and std::basic_string, by std::stoi and std::stod families of functions, and by the bounds-checked member access functions (e.g. std::vector::at and std::map::at).

cpp/error/exceptioncpp/error/logic errorstd-out of range-inheritance.svg

Inheritance diagram

Contents

[edit] Member functions

(constructor)
 constructs a new out_of_range object with the given message
(public member function)
operator=
 replaces the out_of_range object
(public member function)

std::out_of_range::out_of_range

out_of_range( const std::string& what_arg );
 (1)
out_of_range( const char* what_arg );
 (2)
out_of_range( const out_of_range& other );
 (3) (noexcept since C++11)
1) Constructs the exception object with what_arg as explanatory string. After construction, std::strcmp(what(), what_arg.c_str()) == 0.
2) Constructs the exception object with what_arg as explanatory string. After construction, std::strcmp(what(), what_arg) == 0.
3) Copy constructor. If *this and other both have dynamic type std::out_of_range then std::strcmp(what(), other.what()) == 0. No exception can be thrown from the copy constructor.

Parameters

what_arg - explanatory string
other - another exception object to copy

Exceptions

1,2) May throw std::bad_alloc.

Notes

Because copying std::out_of_range is not permitted to throw exceptions, this message is typically stored internally as a separately-allocated reference-counted string. This is also why there is no constructor taking std::string&&: it would have to copy the content anyway.

Before the resolution of LWG issue 254, the non-copy constructor can only accept std::string. It makes dynamic allocation mandatory in order to construct a std::string object.

After the resolution of LWG issue 471, a derived standard exception class must have a publicly accessible copy constructor. It can be implicitly defined as long as the explanatory strings obtained by what() are the same for the original object and the copied object.

std::out_of_range::operator=

out_of_range& operator=( const out_of_range& other );
 (noexcept since C++11)

Assigns the contents with those of other. If *this and other both have dynamic type std::out_of_range then std::strcmp(what(), other.what()) == 0 after assignment. No exception can be thrown from the copy assignment operator.

Parameters

other - another exception object to assign with

Return value

*this

Notes

After the resolution of LWG issue 471, a derived standard exception class must have a publicly accessible copy assignment operator. It can be implicitly defined as long as the explanatory strings obtained by what() are the same for the original object and the copied object.

Inherited from std::logic_error

Inherited from std::exception

Member functions

[virtual]
 destroys the exception object
(virtual public member function of std::exception) [edit]
[virtual]
 returns an explanatory string
(virtual public member function of std::exception) [edit]

[edit] Notes

The standard error condition std::errc::result_out_of_range typically indicates the condition where the result, rather than the input, is out of range, and is more closely related to std::range_error and ERANGE.

[edit] Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR Applied to Behavior as published Correct behavior
LWG 254 C++98 the constructor accepting const char* was missing added
LWG 471 C++98 the explanatory strings of std::out_of_range's
copies were implementation-defined 		they are the same as that of the
original std::out_of_range object

[edit] See also

 accesses the specified character with bounds checking
(public member function of std::basic_string<CharT,Traits,Allocator>) [edit]
accesses the specified character with bounds checking
(public member function of std::basic_string_view<CharT,Traits>) [edit]
access specified element with bounds checking
(public member function of std::deque<T,Allocator>) [edit]
access specified element with bounds checking
(public member function of std::map<Key,T,Compare,Allocator>) [edit]
access specified element with bounds checking
(public member function of std::unordered_map<Key,T,Hash,KeyEqual,Allocator>) [edit]
access specified element with bounds checking
(public member function of std::vector<T,Allocator>) [edit]
access specified element with bounds checking
(public member function of std::array<T,N>) [edit]
(C++26)
 access specified element with bounds checking
(public member function of std::span<T,Extent>) [edit]
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