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Difference between revisions of "cpp/header/cstdlib"

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | header
(fix typo)
(+aligned_alloc, +whole synopsis (from n4606))
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{{dsc h2 | Memory management}}
 
{{dsc h2 | Memory management}}
 
{{dsc fun | cpp/memory/c/malloc | allocates memory}}
 
{{dsc fun | cpp/memory/c/malloc | allocates memory}}
 +
{{dsc fun | cpp/memory/c/aligned_alloc | allocates aligned memory|notes={{mark c++17}}}}
 
{{dsc fun | cpp/memory/c/calloc | allocates and zeroes memory}}
 
{{dsc fun | cpp/memory/c/calloc | allocates and zeroes memory}}
 
{{dsc fun | cpp/memory/c/realloc | expands previously allocated memory block}}
 
{{dsc fun | cpp/memory/c/realloc | expands previously allocated memory block}}
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{{dsc inc | cpp/numeric/math/dsc div}}
 
{{dsc inc | cpp/numeric/math/dsc div}}
 
{{dsc end}}
 
{{dsc end}}
 +
 +
===Synopsis===
 +
{{source|1=
 +
namespace std {
 +
  using size_t = /*implementation-defined*/;
 +
  using div_t = /*implementation-defined*/ ;
 +
  using ldiv_t = /*implementation-defined*/ ;
 +
  using lldiv_t = /*implementation-defined*/ ;
 +
}
 +
 +
#define NULL /*implementation-defined*/
 +
#define EXIT_FAILURE /*implementation-defined*/
 +
#define EXIT_SUCCESS /*implementation-defined*/
 +
#define RAND_MAX /*implementation-defined*/
 +
#define MB_CUR_MAX /*implementation-defined*/
 +
 +
namespace std {
 +
  // start and termination
 +
  [[noreturn]] void abort();
 +
  int atexit(void (*func)());
 +
  int at_quick_exit(void (*func)());
 +
  [[noreturn]] void exit(int status);
 +
  [[noreturn]] void _Exit(int status);
 +
  [[noreturn]] void quick_exit(int status);
 +
  char* getenv(const char* name);
 +
  int system(const char* string);
 +
 +
  // C library memory allocation
 +
  void* aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size);
 +
  void* calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
 +
  void free(void* ptr);
 +
  void* malloc(size_t size);
 +
  void* realloc(void* ptr, size_t size);
 +
  double atof(const char* nptr);
 +
  int atoi(const char* nptr);
 +
  long int atol(const char* nptr);
 +
  long long int atoll(const char* nptr);
 +
  double strtod(const char* nptr, char** endptr);
 +
  float strtof(const char* nptr, char** endptr);
 +
  long double strtold(const char* nptr, char** endptr);
 +
  long int strtol(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
 +
  long long int strtoll(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
 +
  unsigned long int strtoul(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
 +
  unsigned long long int strtoull(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
 +
 +
  // multibyte / wide string and character conversion functions
 +
  int mblen(const char* s, size_t n);
 +
  int mbtowc(wchar_t* pwc, const char* s, size_t n);
 +
  int wctomb(char* s, wchar_t wchar);
 +
  size_t mbstowcs(wchar_t* pwcs, const char* s, size_t n);
 +
  size_t wcstombs(char* s, const wchar_t* pwcs, size_t n);
 +
 +
  // C standard library algorithms
 +
  extern "C" void* bsearch(const void* key, const void* base,
 +
                          size_t nmemb, size_t size,
 +
                          int (*compar)(const void* , const void*));
 +
  extern "C++" void* bsearch(const void* key, const void* base,
 +
                            size_t nmemb, size_t size,
 +
                            int (*compar)(const void* , const void*));
 +
  extern "C" void qsort(void* base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
 +
                        int (*compar)(const void* , const void*));
 +
  extern "C++" void qsort(void* base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
 +
                          int (*compar)(const void* , const void*));
 +
 +
  // low-quality random number generation
 +
  int rand();
 +
  void srand(unsigned int seed);
 +
 +
  // absolute values
 +
  int abs(int j);
 +
  long int abs(long int j);
 +
  long long int abs(long long int j);
 +
  float abs(float j);
 +
  double abs(double j);
 +
  long double abs(long double j);
 +
  long int labs(long int j);
 +
  long long int llabs(long long int j);
 +
  div_t div(int numer, int denom);
 +
  ldiv_t div(long int numer, long int denom);
 +
  lldiv_t div(long long int numer, long long int denom);
 +
  ldiv_t ldiv(long int numer, long int denom);
 +
  lldiv_t lldiv(long long int numer, long long int denom);
 +
}
 +
}}
  
 
===See Also===
 
===See Also===

Revision as of 11:26, 9 November 2016

 
C++
 
Standard library headers
 

This header was originally in the C standard library as <stdlib.h>.

This header provides miscellaneous utilities. Symbols defined here are used by several library components.

Contents

Macro constants

 indicates program execution status
(macro constant) [edit]
MB_CUR_MAX
 maximum number of bytes in a multibyte character with the current locale
(macro constant)
implementation-defined null pointer constant
(macro constant) [edit]
maximum possible value generated by std::rand
(macro constant) [edit]

Types

 structure type, returned by std::div
(typedef) [edit]
structure type, returned by std::ldiv
(typedef) [edit]
(C++11)
 structure type, returned by std::lldiv
(typedef) [edit]
unsigned integer type returned by the sizeof operator
(typedef) [edit]

Functions

Process control
causes abnormal program termination (without cleaning up)
(function) [edit]
causes normal program termination with cleaning up
(function) [edit]
(C++11)
 causes quick program termination without completely cleaning up
(function) [edit]
(C++11)
 causes normal program termination without cleaning up
(function) [edit]
registers a function to be called on std::exit() invocation
(function) [edit]
(C++11)
 registers a function to be called on std::quick_exit invocation
(function) [edit]
calls the host environment's command processor
(function) [edit]
access to the list of environment variables
(function) [edit]
Memory management
allocates memory
(function)
(C++17)
 allocates aligned memory
(function)
allocates and zeroes memory
(function)
expands previously allocated memory block
(function)
deallocates previously allocated memory
(function)
Numeric string conversion
converts a byte string to a floating point value
(function) [edit]
(C++11)
 converts a byte string to an integer value
(function) [edit]
(C++11)
 converts a byte string to an integer value
(function) [edit]
(C++11)
 converts a byte string to an unsigned integer value
(function) [edit]
converts a byte string to a floating-point value
(function) [edit]
Wide string manipulation
returns the number of bytes in the next multibyte character
(function) [edit]
converts the next multibyte character to wide character
(function) [edit]
converts a wide character to its multibyte representation
(function) [edit]
converts a narrow multibyte character string to wide string
(function) [edit]
converts a wide string to narrow multibyte character string
(function) [edit]
Miscellaneous algorithms and math
generates a pseudo-random number
(function) [edit]
seeds pseudo-random number generator
(function) [edit]
sorts a range of elements with unspecified type
(function) [edit]
searches an array for an element of unspecified type
(function) [edit]
(C++11)
 computes absolute value of an integral value (|x|)
(function) [edit]
(C++11)
 computes quotient and remainder of integer division
(function) [edit]

Synopsis

namespace std {
  using size_t = /*implementation-defined*/;
  using div_t = /*implementation-defined*/ ;
  using ldiv_t = /*implementation-defined*/ ;
  using lldiv_t = /*implementation-defined*/ ;
}
 
#define NULL /*implementation-defined*/
#define EXIT_FAILURE /*implementation-defined*/
#define EXIT_SUCCESS /*implementation-defined*/
#define RAND_MAX /*implementation-defined*/
#define MB_CUR_MAX /*implementation-defined*/
 
namespace std {
  // start and termination
  [[noreturn]] void abort();
  int atexit(void (*func)());
  int at_quick_exit(void (*func)());
  [[noreturn]] void exit(int status);
  [[noreturn]] void _Exit(int status);
  [[noreturn]] void quick_exit(int status);
  char* getenv(const char* name);
  int system(const char* string);
 
  // C library memory allocation
  void* aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size);
  void* calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
  void free(void* ptr);
  void* malloc(size_t size);
  void* realloc(void* ptr, size_t size);
  double atof(const char* nptr);
  int atoi(const char* nptr);
  long int atol(const char* nptr);
  long long int atoll(const char* nptr);
  double strtod(const char* nptr, char** endptr);
  float strtof(const char* nptr, char** endptr);
  long double strtold(const char* nptr, char** endptr);
  long int strtol(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
  long long int strtoll(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
  unsigned long int strtoul(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
  unsigned long long int strtoull(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
 
  // multibyte / wide string and character conversion functions
  int mblen(const char* s, size_t n);
  int mbtowc(wchar_t* pwc, const char* s, size_t n);
  int wctomb(char* s, wchar_t wchar);
  size_t mbstowcs(wchar_t* pwcs, const char* s, size_t n);
  size_t wcstombs(char* s, const wchar_t* pwcs, size_t n);
 
  // C standard library algorithms
  extern "C" void* bsearch(const void* key, const void* base,
                           size_t nmemb, size_t size,
                           int (*compar)(const void* , const void*));
  extern "C++" void* bsearch(const void* key, const void* base,
                             size_t nmemb, size_t size,
                             int (*compar)(const void* , const void*));
  extern "C" void qsort(void* base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
                        int (*compar)(const void* , const void*));
  extern "C++" void qsort(void* base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
                          int (*compar)(const void* , const void*));
 
  // low-quality random number generation
  int rand();
  void srand(unsigned int seed);
 
  // absolute values
  int abs(int j);
  long int abs(long int j);
  long long int abs(long long int j);
  float abs(float j);
  double abs(double j);
  long double abs(long double j);
  long int labs(long int j);
  long long int llabs(long long int j);
  div_t div(int numer, int denom);
  ldiv_t div(long int numer, long int denom);
  lldiv_t div(long long int numer, long long int denom);
  ldiv_t ldiv(long int numer, long int denom);
  lldiv_t lldiv(long long int numer, long long int denom);
}

See Also

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