Namespaces
Variants
Views
Actions

Difference between revisions of "cpp/concepts/equality comparable"

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | concepts
(+References)
m (+mark)
 
Line 1: Line 1:
−
{{cpp/title|equality_comparable|equality_comparable_with {{mark since c++20}}}}
+
{{cpp/title|equality_comparable {{mark since c++20}}|equality_comparable_with {{mark since c++20}}}}
 
{{cpp/concepts/navbar}}
 
{{cpp/concepts/navbar}}
 
{{dcl begin}}
 
{{dcl begin}}

Latest revision as of 10:40, 7 September 2024

 
C++
 
Concepts library
Exposition-only concepts
 (C++20)
 
Defined in header <concepts>
template< class T >
concept equality_comparable = __WeaklyEqualityComparableWith<T, T>;
 (1) (since C++20)
template< class T, class U >

concept equality_comparable_with =
    std::equality_comparable<T> &&
    std::equality_comparable<U> &&
    __ComparisonCommonTypeWith<T, U> &&
    std::equality_comparable<
        std::common_reference_t<
            const std::remove_reference_t<T>&,
            const std::remove_reference_t<U>&>> &&

    __WeaklyEqualityComparableWith<T, U>;
 (2) (since C++20)
Helper concepts
template< class T, class U >

concept __WeaklyEqualityComparableWith =
    requires(const std::remove_reference_t<T>& t,
             const std::remove_reference_t<U>& u) {
        { t == u } -> boolean-testable;
        { t != u } -> boolean-testable;
        { u == t } -> boolean-testable;
        { u != t } -> boolean-testable;

    };
 (3) (exposition only*)
(4)
template< class T, class U >

concept __ComparisonCommonTypeWith =
    std::common_reference_with<
        const std::remove_reference_t<T>&,

        const std::remove_reference_t<U>&>;
 (until C++23)
(exposition only*)
template< class T, class U, class C = std::common_reference_t<const T&, const U&> >

concept _ComparisonCommonTypeWithImpl =
    std::same_as<std::common_reference_t<const T&, const U&>,
                 std::common_reference_t<const U&, const T&>> &&
    requires {
        requires std::convertible_to<const T&, const C&> ||
            std::convertible_to<T, const C&>;
        requires std::convertible_to<const U&, const C&> ||
            std::convertible_to<U, const C&>;
    };
template< class T, class U >
concept __ComparisonCommonTypeWith =

    _ComparisonCommonTypeWithImpl<std::remove_cvref_t<T>, std::remove_cvref_t<U>>;
 (since C++23)
(exposition only*)
1) The concept std::equality_comparable specifies that the comparison operators == and != on T reflects equality: == yields true if and only if the operands are equal.
2) The concept std::equality_comparable_with specifies that the comparison operators == and != on (possibly mixed) T and U operands yield results consistent with equality. Comparing mixed operands yields results equivalent to comparing the operands converted to their common type.
3) The exposition-only concept __WeaklyEqualityComparableWith specifies that an object of type T and an object of type U can be compared for equality with each other (in either order) using both == and !=, and the results of the comparisons are consistent.
4) The exposition-only concept __ComparisonCommonTypeWith specifies that two types share a common type, and a const lvalue or a non-const rvalue(since C++23) of either type is convertible to that common type.

Contents

[edit] Semantic requirements

These concepts are modeled only if they are satisfied and all concepts they subsume are modeled.

In the following paragraphs, given an expression E and a type C, CONVERT_TO<C>(E) is defined as:

(until C++23)
  • static_cast<const C&>(std::as_const(E)) if that is a valid expression,
  • static_cast<const C&>(std::move(E)) otherwise.
(since C++23)
1) std::equality_comparable<T> is modeled only if, given objects a and b of type T, bool(a == b) is true if and only if a and b are equal. Together with the requirement that a == b is equality-preserving, this implies that == is symmetric and transitive, and further that == is reflexive for all objects a that are equal to at least one other object.
2) std::equality_comparable_with<T, U> is modeled only if, let

the following expression is true:

  • bool(t == u) == bool(CONVERT_TO<C>(t2) == CONVERT_TO<C>(u2)).
3) __WeaklyEqualityComparableWith<T, U> is modeled only if given

the following are true:

  • t == u, u == t, t != u, u != t have the same domain;
  • bool(u == t) == bool(t == u);
  • bool(t != u) == !bool(t == u); and
  • bool(u != t) == bool(t != u).
4) __WeaklyEqualityComparableWith<T, U> is modeled only if:

The corresponding common_reference_with concept is modeled.

(until C++23)

Let

the following conditions hold:

  • CONVERT_TO<C>(t1) equals CONVERT_TO<C>(t2) if and only if t1 equals t2; and
  • CONVERT_TO<C>(u1) equals CONVERT_TO<C>(u2) if and only if u1 equals u2.
(since C++23)

[edit] Equality preservation

Expressions declared in requires expressions of the standard library concepts are required to be equality-preserving (except where stated otherwise).

[edit] Implicit expression variations

A requires expression that uses an expression that is non-modifying for some constant lvalue operand also requires implicit expression variations.

[edit] References

  • C++23 standard (ISO/IEC 14882:2024):
  • 18.5.4 Concept equality_comparable [concept.equalitycomparable]
  • C++20 standard (ISO/IEC 14882:2020):
  • 18.5.3 Concept equality_comparable [concept.equalitycomparable]
Retrieved from "https://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/concepts/equality_comparable&oldid=175840"