std::condition_variable
| Defined in header <condition_variable>
|
||
| class condition_variable; |
(since C++11) | |
The condition_variable class is a synchronization primitive that can be used to block a thread, or multiple threads at the same time, until:
- a notification is received from another thread
- a timeout expires, or
- a spurious wakeup occurs
Any thread that intends to wait on std::condition_variable has to acquire a std::unique_lock first. The wait operations atomically release the mutex and suspend the execution of the thread. When the condition variable is notified, the thread is awakened, and the mutex is reacquired.
Condition variables permit concurrent invocation of the wait, wait_for, wait_until, notify_one and notify_all member functions.
The class std::condition_variable is a Template:concept. It is not Template:concept, Template:concept, Template:concept, Template:concept.
Contents |
Member types
| Member type | Definition |
native_handle_type
|
implementation-defined |
Member functions
| constructs the object (public member function) | |
| destructs the object (public member function) | |
| operator= [deleted] |
not copy-assignable (public member function) |
Notification | |
| notifies one waiting thread (public member function) | |
| notifies all waiting threads (public member function) | |
Waiting | |
| blocks the current thread until the condition variable is awakened (public member function) | |
| blocks the current thread until the condition variable is awakened or after the specified timeout duration (public member function) | |
| blocks the current thread until the condition variable is awakened or until specified time point has been reached (public member function) | |
Native handle | |
| returns the native handle (public member function) | |
Example
condition_variable is typically used in combination with a std::mutex to facilitate inter-thread communication
#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <thread> #include <mutex> #include <condition_variable> std::mutex m; std::condition_variable cv; std::string data; bool ready = false; bool processed = false; void worker_thread() { // Wait until main() sends data std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(m); cv.wait(lk, []{return ready;}); //after the wait, we own the lock. std::cout << "Worker thread is processing data\n"; data += " after processing"; // Send data back to main() processed = true; std::cout << "Worker thread signals data processing completed\n"; // Manual unlocking is done before notifying, to avoid // that the waiting thread gets blocked again. lk.unlock(); cv.notify_one(); } int main() { std::thread worker(worker_thread); data = "Example data"; // send data to the worker thread { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(m); ready = true; std::cout << "main() signals data ready for processing\n"; } cv.notify_one(); // wait for the worker { std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(m); cv.wait(lk, []{return processed;}); } std::cout << "Back in main(), data = " << data << '\n'; worker.join(); }
Output:
main() signals data ready for processing Worker thread is processing data Worker thread signals data processing completed Back in main(), data = Example data after processing
