std::ranges::views::keys, std::ranges::keys_view

 

C++

Compiler support

Freestanding and hosted

Language

Standard library

Standard library headers

Named requirements

Feature test macros (C++20)

Language support library

Concepts library (C++20)

Metaprogramming library (C++11)

Diagnostics library

General utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Iterators library

Ranges library (C++20)

Algorithms library

Numerics library

Localizations library

Input/output library

Filesystem library (C++17)

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Concurrency support library (C++11)

Execution support library (C++26)

Technical specifications

Symbols index

External libraries

 

Ranges library

Range access begin cbegin   end cend rbegin crbegin   rend crend size ssize   data cdata empty

Range conversions std::from_range_t std::from_range (C++23)(C++23)     to (C++23)

Dangling iterator handling dangling borrowed_iterator_t borrowed_subrange_t

Range primitives
range_size_trange_difference_trange_value_t elements_of (C++23)	iterator_tconst_iterator_tsentinel_tconst_sentinel_t (C++23)(C++23)	range_reference_trange_const_reference_trange_rvalue_reference_trange_common_reference_t (C++23)

Range concepts
range borrowed_range    sized_range	common_range view viewable_range	input_range output_range forward_range	bidirectional_range    random_access_range contiguous_range	constant_range (C++23)

Views
view_interface	subrange

Range factories
empty_viewviews::empty	single_viewviews::single	basic_istream_viewviews::istream	iota_viewviews::iota	repeat_viewviews::repeat (C++23)(C++23)

Range adaptors
views::all_tviews::all ref_view owning_view as_rvalue_viewviews::as_rvalue (C++23)(C++23)   filter_viewviews::filter transform_viewviews::transform take_viewviews::take take_while_viewviews::take_while concat_viewviews::concat (C++26)(C++26)	drop_viewviews::drop drop_while_viewviews::drop_while join_viewviews::join join_with_viewviews::join_with (C++23)(C++23)   lazy_split_viewviews::lazy_split split_viewviews::split views::counted common_viewviews::common	reverse_viewviews::reverse as_const_viewviews::as_const (C++23)(C++23) elements_viewviews::elements keys_viewviews::keys values_viewviews::values enumerate_viewviews::enumerate (C++23)(C++23) zip_viewviews::zip (C++23)(C++23) zip_transform_viewviews::zip_transform (C++23)(C++23)	adjacent_viewviews::adjacent (C++23)(C++23) views::pairwise (C++23) adjacent_transform_viewviews::adjacent_transform (C++23)(C++23) views::pairwise_transform (C++23) chunk_viewviews::chunk (C++23)(C++23) slide_viewviews::slide (C++23)(C++23) chunk_by_viewviews::chunk_by (C++23)(C++23) stride_viewviews::stride (C++23)(C++23) cartesian_product_viewviews::cartesian_product (C++23)(C++23)

Range generators std::generator (C++23)

Range adaptor closure objects range_adaptor_closure (C++23)

Range adaptor objects

Helper items
copyable-box movable-box (until C++23)  (C++23)	simple-view non-propagating-cache

 

Defined in header <ranges>
template< class R > using keys_view = ranges::elements_view<R, 0>;	(1)	(since C++20)
namespace views {     inline constexpr auto keys = ranges::elements<0>; }	(2)	(since C++20)

Takes a view of tuple-like values (e.g. std::tuple or std::pair), and produces a view with a value-type of the first element of the adapted view's value-type.

1) An alias for ranges::elements_view<R, 0>.

2) RangeAdaptorObject (and also RangeAdaptorClosureObject). The expression views::keys(e) is expression-equivalent to keys_view<views::all_t<decltype((e))>>{e} for any suitable subexpression e.

Notes

keys_view can be useful for extracting keys from associative containers, e.g.

std::map<std::string, int> map{{"one", 1}, {"two", 2}};
 
for (auto const& key : std::views::keys(map))
    std::cout << key << ' ';
// prints: one two

Example

Displays values for each type of quark in particle physics.

Run this code

#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <locale>
#include <ranges>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <vector>
 
int main()
{
    const std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, double, bool>> quark_mass_charge
    {
        // name, MeV/c², has positive electric-charge:
        {"up", 2.3, true}, {"down", 4.8, false},
        {"charm", 1275, true}, {"strange", 95, false},
        {"top", 173'210, true}, {"bottom", 4'180, false},
    };
 
    std::cout.imbue(std::locale("en_US.utf8"));
    std::cout << "Quark name:  │ ";
    for (std::string const& name : std::views::keys(quark_mass_charge))
        std::cout << std::setw(9) << name << " │ ";
 
    std::cout << "\n" "Mass MeV/c²: │ ";
    for (const double mass : std::views::values(quark_mass_charge))
        std::cout << std::setw(9) << mass << " │ ";
 
    std::cout << "\n" "E-charge:    │ ";
    for (const bool pos : std::views::elements<2>(quark_mass_charge))
        std::cout << std::setw(9) << (pos ? "+2/3" : "-1/3") << " │ ";
    std::cout << '\n';
}

Output:

Quark name:  │        up │      down │     charm │   strange │       top │    bottom │
Mass MeV/c²: │       2.3 │       4.8 │     1,275 │        95 │   173,210 │     4,180 │
E-charge:    │      +2/3 │      -1/3 │      +2/3 │      -1/3 │      +2/3 │      -1/3 │

Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR	Applied to	Behavior as published	Correct behavior
LWG 3563	C++20	keys_view is unable to participate in CTAD due to its use of views::all_t	views::all_t removed

See also

ranges::values_viewviews::values (C++20)	takes a view consisting of pair-like values and produces a view of the second elements of each pair (class template) (range adaptor object)
ranges::elements_viewviews::elements (C++20)	takes a view consisting of tuple-like values and a number N and produces a view of Nth element of each tuple (class template) (range adaptor object)
slice	BLAS-like slice of a valarray: starting index, length, stride (class)