Difference between revisions of "cpp/memory/addressof"

Latest revision as of 01:46, 24 September 2024

[edit] Parameters

[edit] Return value

Pointer to arg.

[edit] Possible implementation

The implementation below is not constexpr, because reinterpret_cast is not usable in a constant expression. Compiler support is needed (see below).

template<class T>
typename std::enable_if<std::is_object<T>::value, T*>::type addressof(T& arg) noexcept
{
    return reinterpret_cast<T*>(
               &const_cast<char&>(
                   reinterpret_cast<const volatile char&>(arg)));
}
 
template<class T>
typename std::enable_if<!std::is_object<T>::value, T*>::type addressof(T& arg) noexcept
{
    return &arg;
}

Correct implementation of this function requires compiler support: GNU libstdc++, LLVM libc++, Microsoft STL.

[edit] Notes

constexpr for addressof is added by LWG2296, and MSVC STL applies the change to C++14 mode as a defect report.

There are some weird cases where use of built-in operator& is ill-formed due to argument-dependent lookup even if it is not overloaded, and std::addressof can be used instead.

template<class T>
struct holder { T t; };
 
struct incomp;
 
int main()
{
    holder<holder<incomp>*> x{};
    // &x; // error: argument-dependent lookup attempts to instantiate holder<incomp>
    std::addressof(x); // OK
}

[edit] Example

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
 
template<class T>
struct Ptr
{
    T* pad; // add pad to show difference between 'this' and 'data'
    T* data;
    Ptr(T* arg) : pad(nullptr), data(arg)
    {
        std::cout << "Ctor this = " << this << '\n';
    }
 
    ~Ptr() { delete data; }
    T** operator&() { return &data; }
};
 
template<class T>
void f(Ptr<T>* p)
{
    std::cout << "Ptr   overload called with p = " << p << '\n';
}
 
void f(int** p)
{
    std::cout << "int** overload called with p = " << p << '\n';
}
 
int main()
{
    Ptr<int> p(new int(42));
    f(&p);                // calls int** overload
    f(std::addressof(p)); // calls Ptr<int>* overload, (= this)
}

Ctor this = 0x7fff59ae6e88
int** overload called with p = 0x7fff59ae6e90
Ptr   overload called with p = 0x7fff59ae6e88

[edit] Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

[edit] See also