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Difference between revisions of "cpp/string/basic string/back"

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | string‎ | basic string
(print out the result)
(back is not equivalent to at but to operator[])
Line 16: Line 16:
  
 
===Return value===
 
===Return value===
−
reference to the last character, equivalent to {{c|at(size() - 1)}}.
+
reference to the last character, equivalent to {{c|operator[](size() - 1)}}.
  
 
===Complexity===
 
===Complexity===

Revision as of 08:26, 3 October 2014

 
C++
 
Strings library
 
std::basic_string
Member functions
(C++23)
Element access
(DR*)
basic_string::back
(DR*)
(C++17)
Iterators
(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++11)
Capacity
(DR*)
Modifiers
(C++23)
(DR*)
(C++23)
(C++23)
(C++23)  
Search
Operations
(C++20)
(C++20)
(C++23)
Constants
Non-member functions
(C++20)(C++20)
I/O
Comparison
(until C++20)(until C++20)(until C++20)(until C++20)(until C++20)(C++20)
Numeric conversions
(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
(C++11)(C++11)
(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++11)
Literals
(C++14)
Helper classes
(C++11)
Deduction guides (C++17)

 
CharT& back();
 (since C++11)
const CharT& back() const;
 (since C++11)

Returns reference to the last character in the string.

Contents

Parameters

(none)

Return value

reference to the last character, equivalent to operator[](size() - 1).

Complexity

Constant

Notes

back requires that !empty() == true, otherwise the result is undefined.

Example

Run this code
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
 
int main()
{
  {
    std::string s("Exemplary");
    char& back = s.back();
    back = 's';
    std::cout << s << '\n'; // "Exemplars"
  }
 
  {
    std::string const c("Exemplary");
    char const& back = c.back();
    std::cout << back << '\n'; // 'y'
  }
}

Output: 

Exemplars
y

See also

(DR*)
 accesses the first character
(public member function) [edit]
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