std::trunc, std::truncf, std::truncl

 

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Defined in header <cmath>
	(1)
float       trunc ( float num ); double      trunc ( double num ); long double trunc ( long double num );			(until C++23)
constexpr /* floating-point-type */             trunc ( /* floating-point-type */ num );			(since C++23)
float       truncf( float num );		(2)	(since C++11) (constexpr since C++23)
long double truncl( long double num );		(3)	(since C++11) (constexpr since C++23)
Additional overloads (since C++11)
Defined in header <cmath>
template< class Integer > double      trunc ( Integer num );		(A)	(constexpr since C++23)

1-3) Computes the nearest integer not greater in magnitude than num. The library provides overloads of std::trunc for all cv-unqualified floating-point types as the type of the parameter.(since C++23)

A) Additional overloads are provided for all integer types, which are treated as double.

(since C++11)

Parameters

num

-

floating-point or integer value

Return value

If no errors occur, the nearest integer value not greater in magnitude than num (in other words, num rounded towards zero) is returned.

Return value

num

Error handling

Errors are reported as specified in math_errhandling.

If the implementation supports IEEE floating-point arithmetic (IEC 60559),

• The current rounding mode has no effect.
• If num is ±∞, it is returned, unmodified.
• If num is ±0, it is returned, unmodified.
• If num is NaN, NaN is returned.

Notes

FE_INEXACT may be (but isn't required to be) raised when truncating a non-integer finite value.

The largest representable floating-point values are exact integers in all standard floating-point formats, so this function never overflows on its own; however the result may overflow any integer type (including std::intmax_t), when stored in an integer variable.

The implicit conversion from floating-point to integral types also rounds towards zero, but is limited to the values that can be represented by the target type.

The additional overloads are not required to be provided exactly as (A). They only need to be sufficient to ensure that for their argument num of integer type, std::trunc(num) has the same effect as std::trunc(static_cast<double>(num)).

Example

Run this code

#include <cmath>
#include <initializer_list>
#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    const auto data = std::initializer_list<double>
    {
        +2.7, -2.9, +0.7, -0.9, +0.0, 0.0, -INFINITY, +INFINITY, -NAN, +NAN
    };
 
    std::cout << std::showpos;
    for (double const x : data)
        std::cout << "trunc(" << x << ") == " << std::trunc(x) << '\n';
}

Possible output:

trunc(+2.7) == +2
trunc(-2.9) == -2
trunc(+0.7) == +0
trunc(-0.9) == -0
trunc(+0) == +0
trunc(+0) == +0
trunc(-inf) == -inf
trunc(+inf) == +inf
trunc(-nan) == -nan
trunc(+nan) == +nan

See also

floorfloorffloorl (C++11)(C++11)	nearest integer not greater than the given value (function)
ceilceilfceill (C++11)(C++11)	nearest integer not less than the given value (function)
roundroundfroundllroundlroundflroundlllroundllroundfllroundl (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)	nearest integer, rounding away from zero in halfway cases (function)
C documentation for trunc